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<title>Community preference</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Community preference</span></span>

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<p><b>Community preference</b> was a concept in the <a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and its predecessor organisation the <a href="European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities</a> in which all the <a href="Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">member states</a> would be encouraged by the <a href="Institutions_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutions of the European Union">Institutions of the European Union</a> and the <a href="Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Treaties of the European Union</a> to give priority preference to all goods,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> trade, services, agricultural products<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and people<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from their fellow EU member states over all goods, trade, services and people from non-EU countries.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proponents argued that this would add to the benefits of EU membership by encouraging the member states to trade with each other rather than to trade with non-EU counties who are outside the bloc. It would serve as an integral part of the <a href="Freedom_of_movement_for_workers_in_the_European_Union" title="Freedom of movement for workers in the European Union">freedom of movement for workers in the European Union</a> as well as the <a href="European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</a> and the <a href="European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">European Union Customs Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-penguin_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-penguin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Community preference would not apply to countries of the <a href="European_Free_Trade_Association" title="European Free Trade Association">European Free Trade Association</a> even though they were members of the <a href="European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</a> and observed freedom of movement rules.

</p><p>It was one of the founding principles of the establishment of the <a href="European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities</a> (which would later become the <a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>) when the <a href="Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Treaty of Rome</a> was signed in 1958. But in a judgment in 1994 <i>Greece v Council</i>, Case C-353/92, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) confirmed that Community preference was not a principle of EU law. Its legal basis, Article 44 of the Treaty of Rome, was repealed by the 1997 Amsterdam Treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-penguin_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-penguin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="European_Union_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union Single Market">European Union Single Market</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">European Union Customs Union</a></li>

<li><a href="Common_Agricultural_Policy" title="Common Agricultural Policy">Common Agricultural Policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Common_Fisheries_Policy" title="Common Fisheries Policy">Common Fisheries Policy</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/community-preference">"Community preference"</a>. <i><a href="Cambridge_English_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge English Dictionary">Cambridge English Dictionary</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-08</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLeach2000" class="citation book cs1">Leach, Rodney (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cEHDVZLLAmkC&pg=PA43"><i>Europe: A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein</i></a>. <a href="Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>. p. 43. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-57958-279-1</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMcMahonCardwell2015" class="citation book cs1">McMahon, Joseph A.; Cardwell, Michael N. (2015-11-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=InPhCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA438"><i>Research Handbook on EU Agriculture Law</i></a>. <a href="Edward_Elgar_Publishing" title="Edward Elgar Publishing">Edward Elgar Publishing</a>. p. 438. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-78195-462-1</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOECD2016" class="citation book cs1">OECD (2016-06-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W2SQDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA58"><i>Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Europe 2016</i></a>. <a href="OECD_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD Publishing">OECD Publishing</a>. p. 58. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-92-64-25729-0</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-penguin-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-penguin_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-penguin_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://penguincompaniontoeu.com/additional_entries/community-preference/">"Community preference"</a>. Penguin Companion.</cite></span>

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<ul><li><a href="Ideas_of_European_unity_before_1948" title="Ideas of European unity before 1948">Ideas of European unity before 1948</a></li>

<li><a href="Founding_fathers_of_the_European_Union" title="Founding fathers of the European Union">Founders</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_European_Union_since_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the European Union since 2004">Since 2004</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Defence policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Western_Union_(alliance)" title="Western Union (alliance)">Western Union (1948–1954)</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_European_Union" title="Western European Union">Western European Union (1954–2011)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities (1967–2009)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="International_Authority_for_the_Ruhr" title="International Authority for the Ruhr">International Authority for the Ruhr (1949–1951)</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Coal_and_Steel_Community" title="European Coal and Steel Community">European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community (1958–1993)</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community (1993–2009)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Atomic_Energy_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atomic Energy Community">European Atomic Energy Community (est. 1958)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">Central bank</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Monetary_Cooperation_Fund" title="European Monetary Cooperation Fund">European Monetary Cooperation Fund (1973–1994)</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Monetary_Institute" title="European Monetary Institute">European Monetary Institute (1994–1998)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">Financial stability</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Financial_Stability_Facility" title="European Financial Stability Facility">European Financial Stability Facility (2010–<i>2012</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Financial_Stability_Mechanism" class="mw-redirect" title="European Financial Stability Mechanism">European Financial Stability Mechanism (2010–<i>2012</i>)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Geography_of_the_European_Union" title="Geography of the European Union">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Geography_of_the_European_Union" title="Geography of the European Union">Geography</a></li>

<li><a href="Demographics_of_the_European_Union" title="Demographics of the European Union">Demographics</a></li>

<li><a href="External_border_of_the_European_Union" title="External border of the European Union">External border</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_issues_in_the_European_Union" title="Environmental issues in the European Union">Environmental issues</a></li>

<li><a href="Extreme_points_of_the_European_Union" title="Extreme points of the European Union">Extreme points</a></li>

<li><a href="Geographical_midpoint_of_Europe#Geographic_centre_of_the_European_Union" title="Geographical midpoint of Europe">Geographic centre</a></li>

<li><a href="Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a></li>

<li><a href="Larger_urban_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Larger urban zone">Larger urban zones</a></li>

<li><a href="Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">Member states</a></li>

<li><a href="Protected_areas_of_the_European_Union" title="Protected areas of the European Union">Protected areas</a></li>

<li><a href="First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">Regions <span style="font-size: 85%;">(first-level NUTS)</span></a></li>

<li><a href="Special_territories_of_members_of_the_European_Economic_Area" title="Special territories of members of the European Economic Area">Special territories</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_statistics" title="European Union statistics">Statistics</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Bodies_of_the_European_Union_and_the_Euratom" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodies of the European Union and the Euratom">Bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Institutions_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutions of the European Union">Institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>

<ul><li><a href="President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="President of the European Parliament">President</a></li>

<li><a href="Vice-President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Vice-President of the European Parliament">Vice-Presidents</a></li>

<li><a href="Secretariat_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Secretariat of the European Parliament">Secretariat</a></li>

<li><a href="Committees_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Committees of the European Parliament">Committees</a></li>

<li><a href="Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">Elections</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_Parliament_constituency" title="European Parliament constituency">Constituencies</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Political groups</a></li>

<li><a href="European_political_party" title="European political party">European political parties</a></li>

<li><a href="European_political_foundation" title="European political foundation">European political foundations</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council of the European Union</a>

<ul><li><a href="Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Presidency</a></li>

<li><a href="General_Secretariat_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union">General Secretariat</a></li>

<li><a href="Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a>

<ul><li><a href="President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President</a></li>

<li><a href="Euro_summit" title="Euro summit">Euro summit</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>

<ul><li><a href="President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President</a></li>

<li><a href="Vice-President_of_the_European_Commission" title="Vice-President of the European Commission">Vice-Presidents</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_European_Commissioners_by_nationality" class="mw-redirect" title="List of European Commissioners by nationality">Commissioners</a></li>

<li><a href="Directorate-General" title="Directorate-General">Directorates-General</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union" title="Court of Justice of the European Union">Court of Justice of the European Union</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_Court_of_Justice" title="European Court of Justice">Court of Justice</a></li>

<li><a href="General_Court_(European_Union)" title="General Court (European Union)">General Court</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Central_bank" title="Central bank">Central bank</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a>

<ul><li><a href="President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President</a></li>

<li><a href="European_System_of_Central_Banks" title="European System of Central Banks">System of Central Banks</a></li>

<li><a href="Eurosystem" title="Eurosystem">Eurosystem</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Supreme_audit_institution" title="Supreme audit institution">Supreme audit institution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Court_of_Auditors" title="European Court of Auditors">European Court of Auditors</a>

<ul><li><a href="Secretary-General_of_the_European_Court_of_Auditors" title="Secretary-General of the European Court of Auditors">Secretary-General</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br>international-law<br>EU bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Atomic_Energy_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atomic Energy Community">European Atomic Energy Community</a></li>

<li>EIB Group

<ul><li><a href="European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Investment_Fund" title="European Investment Fund">European Investment Fund</a></li>

<li>EIB Institute</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="European_University_Institute" title="European University Institute">European University Institute</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a></li>

<li><a href="Unified_Patent_Court" title="Unified Patent Court">Unified Patent Court</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent<br>offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Ombudsman" title="European Ombudsman">European Ombudsman</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Data_Protection_Supervisor" title="European Data Protection Supervisor">European Data Protection Supervisor</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Agencies of the European Union">Agencies of the European Union</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advisory<br>bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Committee_of_the_Regions" title="European Committee of the Regions">European Committee of the Regions</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Economic_and_Social_Committee" title="European Economic and Social Committee">European Economic and Social Committee</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military<br>bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Military_Committee" title="European Union Military Committee">European Union Military Committee</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Military_Staff" title="European Union Military Staff">European Union Military Staff</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acquis_communautaire" title="Acquis communautaire">Acquis</a></li>

<li><a href="Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union" title="Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union">Charter of Fundamental Rights</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_competition_law" title="European Union competition law">Competition law</a></li>

<li><a href="Copyright_law_of_the_European_Union" title="Copyright law of the European Union">Copyright law</a></li>

<li><a href="Directive_(European_Union)" title="Directive (European Union)">Directive</a>

<ul><li><a href="Citizens'_Rights_Directive" title="Citizens' Rights Directive">Citizens' Rights</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Mechanism_for_Cooperation_and_Verification" title="Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification">Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification</a></li>

<li><a href="Official_Journal_of_the_European_Union" title="Official Journal of the European Union"><i>Official Journal</i></a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_legislative_procedure" title="European Union legislative procedure">Legislative procedure</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Citizens'_Initiative" title="European Citizens' Initiative">Citizens' Initiative</a></li>

<li><a href="Regulation_(European_Union)" title="Regulation (European Union)">Regulation</a></li>

<li><a href="LGBT_rights_in_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the European Union">LGBT rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Enhanced_cooperation" title="Enhanced cooperation">Enhanced cooperation</a></li>

<li><a href="Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Treaties</a>

<li><a href="Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawal</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Budget_of_the_European_Union" title="Budget of the European Union">Budget</a></li>

<li><a href="Currencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Currencies of the European Union">Currencies</a></li>

<li><a href="Community_preference_(EU)" class="mw-redirect" title="Community preference (EU)">Community preference</a></li>

<li><a href="Government_procurement_in_the_European_Union" title="Government procurement in the European Union">Government procurement</a></li>

<li><a href="Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a>

<ul><li><a href="International_status_and_usage_of_the_euro" title="International status and usage of the euro">International status and usage</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="European_Commissioner_for_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner for Transport">Transport</a>

<ul><li><a href="TRACECA" title="TRACECA">TRACECA</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_minimum_wage" title="List of European Union member states by minimum wage">Minimum wage</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of European countries by average wage">Average wage</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_unemployment_rate" title="List of European Union member states by unemployment rate">Unemployment rate</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_health_expense_per_person" title="List of European Union member states by health expense per person">Health expense per person</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_integration" title="European integration">European integration</a></li>

<li><a href="Eurosphere" title="Eurosphere">Eurosphere</a></li>

<li><a href="Intergovernmentalism" title="Intergovernmentalism">Intergovernmentalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Multi-speed_Europe" title="Multi-speed Europe">Multi-speed Europe</a></li>

<li><a href="Neofunctionalism" title="Neofunctionalism">Neofunctionalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Optimum_currency_area" title="Optimum currency area">Optimum currency area</a></li>

<li><a href="Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">Supranational union</a></li>

<li><a href="Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">Euroscepticism</a></li>

<li><a href="Euromyth" title="Euromyth">Euromyths</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="European Federation">Federalisation</a></li>

<li><a href="Pro-Europeanism" title="Pro-Europeanism">Pro-Europeanism</a></li>

<li><a href="Budget_accountability_in_the_European_Union" title="Budget accountability in the European Union">Budget accountability</a></li>

<li><a href="Censorship_in_the_European_Union" title="Censorship in the European Union">Censorship</a></li>

<li><a href="Democratic_legitimacy_of_the_European_Union" title="Democratic legitimacy of the European Union">Democratic legitimacy</a></li>

<li><a href="Differentiated_integration" title="Differentiated integration">Differentiated integration</a></li>

<li><a href="Privileged_partnership" title="Privileged partnership">Privileged partnership</a></li>

<li><a href="Potential_superpower#European_Union" title="Potential superpower">Potential superpower status</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Area_of_freedom%2C_security_and_justice" title="Area of freedom, security and justice">Area of freedom, security and justice</a>

<ul><li><a href="Migration_and_asylum_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Migration and asylum policy of the European Union">Migration and asylum policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Area</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Judicial_Network" title="European Judicial Network">European Judicial Network</a> (criminal matters)</li>

<li>European Judicial Network in civil and commercial matters</li>

<li><a href="Citizenship_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship of the European Union">Citizenship</a></li>

<li><a href="Passports_of_the_European_Union" title="Passports of the European Union">passports</a></li>

<li><a href="European_identity_card" class="mw-redirect" title="European identity card">identity card</a> (<a href="National_identity_cards_in_the_European_Economic_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="National identity cards in the European Economic Area">list</a>)</li>

<li><a href="European_driving_licence" title="European driving licence">Driving licence</a></li>

<li><a href="Vehicle_registration_plates_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Vehicle registration plates of the European Union">Vehicle registration plates</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Common Foreign and Security Policy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Common Security and Defence Policy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Permanent_Structured_Cooperation" title="Permanent Structured Cooperation">Permanent Structured Cooperation</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargement Policy</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Neighbourhood_Policy" title="European Neighbourhood Policy">Neighbourhood Policy</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Global_Strategy" title="European Union Global Strategy">Global Strategy</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)</a>

<ul><li><a href="Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a></li>

<li><a href="European_banking_union" title="European banking union">European banking union</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_Banking_Supervision" title="European Banking Supervision">European Banking Supervision</a></li>

<li><a href="Single_Resolution_Mechanism" title="Single Resolution Mechanism">Single Resolution Mechanism</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Capital_Markets_Union" title="Capital Markets Union">Capital Markets Union</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_System_of_Financial_Supervision" title="European System of Financial Supervision">European System of Financial Supervision</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">Single market</a>

<ul><li><a href="Common_Agricultural_Policy" title="Common Agricultural Policy">Agricultural policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Cultural_policies_of_the_European_Union" title="Cultural policies of the European Union">Cultural policies</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">Customs Union</a></li>

<li><a href="Educational_policies_and_initiatives_of_the_European_Union" title="Educational policies and initiatives of the European Union">Educational policies</a></li>

<li><a href="Energy_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Energy policy of the European Union">Energy policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Environmental policy of the European Union">Environmental policy</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_Green_Deal" title="European Green Deal">European Green Deal</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Common_Fisheries_Policy" title="Common Fisheries Policy">Fisheries policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Healthcare_in_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare in the European Union">Healthcare</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_Health_Insurance_Card" title="European Health Insurance Card">Health Insurance Card</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Freedom_of_movement_for_workers_in_the_European_Union" title="Freedom of movement for workers in the European Union">Labour mobility</a></li>

<li><a href="Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">Regional development</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Structural_and_Investment_Funds" title="European Structural and Investment Funds">European Structural and Investment Funds</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Space_Programme" title="European Union Space Programme">Space policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Sport_policies_of_the_European_Union" title="Sport policies of the European Union">Sport policies</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign <br>relations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Neighbourhood_Policy" title="European Neighbourhood Policy">Neighbourhood Policy</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a>

<ul><li><a href="EEA_Joint_Committee" title="EEA Joint Committee">EEA Joint Committee</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Energy_Community" title="Energy Community">Energy Community</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">European Political Community</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Common_Aviation_Area" title="European Common Aviation Area">European Common Aviation Area</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Higher_Education_Area" title="European Higher Education Area">European Higher Education Area</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Space_Programme#EU/ESA_Space_Council" title="European Union Space Programme">EU/ESA Framework Agreement</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_Union_Space_Programme#EU/ESA_Space_Council" title="European Union Space Programme">EU/ESA Space Council</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="European_Peace_Facility" title="European Peace Facility">European Peace Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Economic_Partnership_Agreements" title="Economic Partnership Agreements">Economic Partnership Agreements</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">European Union Association Agreement</a></li>

<li><a href="Stabilisation_and_Association_Process" title="Stabilisation and Association Process">Stabilisation and Association Process</a></li>

<li><a href="Eastern_Partnership" title="Eastern Partnership">Eastern Partnership</a></li>

<li><a href="Euronest_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Euronest Parliamentary Assembly">Euronest Parliamentary Assembly</a></li>

<li><a href="EU_Gateway_Programme" title="EU Gateway Programme">EU Gateway Programme</a></li>

<li><a href="EU_Strategy_for_the_South_Caucasus" title="EU Strategy for the South Caucasus">EU Strategy for the South Caucasus</a></li>

<li><a href="Northern_Dimension" title="Northern Dimension">Northern Dimension</a></li>

<li><a href="Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_Global_Strategy" title="European Union Global Strategy">Global Strategy</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_free_trade_agreements" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union free trade agreements">Free trade agreements</a></li>

<li><a href="Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargement</a>

<ul><li><a href="Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Current agenda</a></li>

<li><a href="Statistics_relating_to_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Statistics relating to enlargement of the European Union">Statistics</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cultural_policies_of_the_European_Union" title="Cultural policies of the European Union">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Douzelage" title="Douzelage">Douzelage</a></i></li>

<li><a href="House_of_European_History" title="House of European History">House of European History</a></li>

<li><a href="2012_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2012 Nobel Peace Prize">2012 Nobel Peace Prize</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union_laissez-passer" title="European Union laissez-passer">Laissez-passer</a></li>

<li><a href="Languages_of_the_European_Union" title="Languages of the European Union">Languages</a></li>

<li><a href="Media_freedom_in_the_European_Union" title="Media freedom in the European Union">Media freedom</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_holidays_in_the_European_Union" title="Public holidays in the European Union">Public holidays</a></li>

<li><a href="Religion_in_the_European_Union" title="Religion in the European Union">Religion</a></li>

<li><a href="Telephone_numbers_in_Europe" title="Telephone numbers in Europe">Telephone numbers</a></li>

<li><a href="Symbols_of_the_European_Union" title="Symbols of the European Union">Symbols</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_books_on_the_European_Union" title="List of books on the European Union">Books on the subject</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_European_Union_directives" title="List of European Union directives">Directives</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_cities_in_the_European_Union_by_population_within_city_limits" title="List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits">Largest cities by population within city limits</a></li>

<li><a href="Table_of_political_parties_in_Europe_by_pancontinental_organisation" title="Table of political parties in Europe by pancontinental organisation">National parties by affiliation</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_presidents_of_the_institutions_of_the_European_Union" title="List of presidents of the institutions of the European Union">Presidents of the institutions</a></li>

<li><a href="Terrorism_in_Europe" title="Terrorism in Europe">Terrorist incidents</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_urban_areas_in_the_European_Union" title="List of urban areas in the European Union">Urban areas</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="Outline_of_the_European_Union" title="Outline of the European Union">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div>

<ul><li>Category</li>

<li><a href="Portal%3AEuropean_Union" title="Portal:European Union">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_organisations_in_which_the_union_has_membership128" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="International_organisations_in_which_the_union_has_membership128" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International organisations in which the union has membership</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px">

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Group_of_Eight_(G8)_and_Group_of_Eight_+_Five_(G8+5)120" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Group_of_Eight_(G8)_and_Group_of_Eight_+_Five_(G8+5)120" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">Group of Eight (G8)</a> and <a href="G8%2B5" title="G8+5">Group of Eight + Five (G8+5)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G8 members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="France" title="France">France</a></li>

<li><a href="Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li>

<li><a href="Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li>

<li><a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li>

<li><a href="Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (suspended)</li>

<li><a href="United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li>

<li><a href="United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Representative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li>

<li><a href="China" title="China">China</a></li>

<li><a href="India" title="India">India</a></li>

<li><a href="Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li>

<li><a href="South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Big_Four_(Western_Europe)" title="Big Four (Western Europe)">G4 (Europe)</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="G20_major_economies27" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="G20_major_economies27" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="G20" title="G20">G20 major economies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li>

<li><a href="Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li>

<li><a href="Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li>

<li><a href="Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li>

<li><a href="Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="China" title="China">China</a></li>

<li><a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li>

<li><a href="France" title="France">France</a></li>

<li><a href="Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li>

<li><a href="India" title="India">India</a></li>

<li><a href="Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li>

<li><a href="Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li>

<li><a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li>

<li><a href="Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li>

<li><a href="Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li>

<li><a href="Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li>

<li><a href="South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li>

<li><a href="South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li>

<li><a href="Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li>

<li><a href="United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li>

<li><a href="United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Quartet_on_the_Middle_East104" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Quartet_on_the_Middle_East104" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Quartet_on_the_Middle_East" title="Quartet on the Middle East">Quartet on the Middle East</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Negotiating parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Israel" title="Israel"></a></span></span> <a href="Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority"></a></span></span> <a href="Palestinian_National_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian National Authority">Palestinian Authority</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic quartet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="European_Union" title="European Union"></a></span></span> <a href="European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (<a href="Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kallas</a>)</li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Russia" title="Russia"></a></span></span> <a href="Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Lavrov</a>)</li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="United_Nations" title="United Nations"></a></span></span> <a href="United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (<a href="Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">Guterres</a>)</li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="United_States" title="United States"></a></span></span> <a href="United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (<a href="Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special Envoy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Canada" title="Canada"></a></span></span> <a href="John_N._Clarke" title="John N. Clarke">John N. Clarke</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Elections_Reform_Support_Group" title="Elections Reform Support Group">Elections Reform Support Group</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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